The certificate of competency is proof of a remote pilot's knowledge in the open category. For A1/A3 it means online training and an online exam with 40 questions — in Latvia taken through the e.caa.gov.lv portal. For A2 you additionally need a declaration of self-practical training and a separate theory exam at the CAA.
The certificate is valid for 5 years and is recognised across the European Union — a certificate obtained in Latvia lets you fly in other member states too. Once it expires, the competency has to be renewed.